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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>36.3. spwd — The shadow password database — Python 2.7.18 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/classic.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/language_data.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 2.7.18 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="next" title="36.4. grp — The group database" href="grp.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="36.2. pwd — The password database" href="pwd.html" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" /> <link rel="canonical" href="file:///usr/share/doc/python2.7/html/library/spwd.html" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> </head><body> <div id="outdated-warning" style="padding: .5em; text-align: center; background-color: #FFBABA; color: #6A0E0E;"> This document is for an old version of Python that is <a href="https://devguide.python.org/devcycle/#end-of-life-branches">no longer supported</a>. You should install the python3 and python3-doc packages and read the <a href="file:///usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/spwd.html"> Python documentation for the Python3 version packaged in this release</a>. </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="grp.html" title="36.4. grp — The group database" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="pwd.html" title="36.2. pwd — The password database" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.18 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="unix.html" accesskey="U">36. Unix Specific Services</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <div class="section" id="module-spwd"> <span id="spwd-the-shadow-password-database"></span><h1>36.3. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-spwd" title="spwd: The shadow password database (getspnam() and friends). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spwd</span></code></a> — The shadow password database<a class="headerlink" href="#module-spwd" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.5.</span></p> </div> <p>This module provides access to the Unix shadow password database. It is available on various Unix versions.</p> <p>You must have enough privileges to access the shadow password database (this usually means you have to be root).</p> <p>Shadow password database entries are reported as a tuple-like object, whose attributes correspond to the members of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spwd</span></code> structure (Attribute field below, see <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><shadow.h></span></code>):</p> <table border="1" class="docutils"> <colgroup> <col width="13%" /> <col width="27%" /> <col width="60%" /> </colgroup> <thead valign="bottom"> <tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Index</th> <th class="head">Attribute</th> <th class="head">Meaning</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="row-even"><td>0</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_nam</span></code></td> <td>Login name</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td>1</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_pwd</span></code></td> <td>Encrypted password</td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td>2</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_lstchg</span></code></td> <td>Date of last change</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td>3</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_min</span></code></td> <td>Minimal number of days between changes</td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td>4</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_max</span></code></td> <td>Maximum number of days between changes</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td>5</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_warn</span></code></td> <td>Number of days before password expires to warn user about it</td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td>6</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_inact</span></code></td> <td>Number of days after password expires until account is blocked</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td>7</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_expire</span></code></td> <td>Number of days since 1970-01-01 until account is disabled</td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td>8</td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sp_flag</span></code></td> <td>Reserved</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The sp_nam and sp_pwd items are strings, all others are integers. <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#exceptions.KeyError" title="exceptions.KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KeyError</span></code></a> is raised if the entry asked for cannot be found.</p> <p>It defines the following items:</p> <dl class="function"> <dt id="spwd.getspnam"> <code class="descclassname">spwd.</code><code class="descname">getspnam</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#spwd.getspnam" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the shadow password database entry for the given user name.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="spwd.getspall"> <code class="descclassname">spwd.</code><code class="descname">getspall</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#spwd.getspall" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a list of all available shadow password database entries, in arbitrary order.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="admonition seealso"> <p class="first admonition-title">See also</p> <dl class="last docutils"> <dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="grp.html#module-grp" title="grp: The group database (getgrnam() and friends). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">grp</span></code></a></dt> <dd>An interface to the group database, similar to this.</dd> <dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="pwd.html#module-pwd" title="pwd: The password database (getpwnam() and friends). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pwd</span></code></a></dt> <dd>An interface to the normal password database, similar to this.</dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="pwd.html" title="previous chapter">36.2. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pwd</span></code> — The password database</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="grp.html" title="next chapter">36.4. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">grp</span></code> — The group database</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../_sources/library/spwd.rst.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <div class="searchformwrapper"> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="grp.html" title="36.4. grp — The group database" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="pwd.html" title="36.2. pwd — The password database" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.18 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="unix.html" >36. 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